Archaeology will tell you how cities work

This week, I’m moving away from eBay to look more into how objects move around cities and what that tells you about how those cities work and how people negotiate them. My work in this area bring together two different ideas of public archaeology; using archaeology to understand the lives of people in the present day and working with people to understand contemporary material. These two overlap and are best done together! I mentioned a bit of this project late last year in another post. I explained it well enough that time so I’ve reproduced bits of the text below (sorry).

Reading Sarah May’s great blog Heritage for Transformation I really enjoyed a story about a piece of gravestone found in a neighbour’s garden and how it came to be there after the bombing of a nearby graveyard. This story appealed to me greatly because I have always believed that urban regeneration – by which I simply mean urban areas changing over time – happens as much in the small scale as in the larger scales of planned re-development that we more commonly associate with the term. So, the building of a new shopping centre is urban regeneration, but so is you choosing where in the city to live or by what route you walk home from work. The building of a mass transit system is connected to that ‘top down’ urban regeneration, but so is a piece of grave from a bombed graveyard being reused as paving.

The role of things in this is subtle. New things can be made or built and things can be moved around to become part of new ‘statements’ on daily life. Things also move on their own or in unintended ways like the fragment of gravestone. I give you two examples:

Lampposts

Back in 2008, David Cemlyn in Bristol chained himself to a lamppost to protest against its removal and relocation to enhance a conservation area on the other side of town. Article here. A fascinating act in itself, but when I ‘followed the money’ to the conservation area that would be receiving this piece of active street furniture, I found out that it was not removed to order at all, but that a local amenity group (I interviewed their lamppost afficionado Maggie Shapland) had saved money to buy it from Bristol City Council to replace one that had been damaged.

So, just crossed wires? I think we have to take it more seriously. A lamppost WAS moved and that movement of material caused a protest (reported internationally). At the other end, a local amenity group raised money to physically change the place in which they live. In the middle is a council goods yard (location???) full of street furniture removed from its original contexts and waiting to become part of other ones.

Flowerpots

As part of my PhD research, I did a photographic survey of Bristol’s Broadmead shopping centre shortly before it was repaved as part of the Cabot Circus development. In the centre, and dating to 1998, was a paved area with benches and flowerpots each bearing a large ‘B’ for Broadmead.

These were duly removed and replaced with new paving and a large sculpture called Tree Rings by Wolfgang Buttress. Imagine my surprise when I encountered them again, quite by accident while on a train through Bristol, reused in the Stapleton Road Community Garden.

Here a similar story of removal from one context and insertion into another, this time with a little more knowledge of the ‘chain’ from all involved. A late 20th century attempt to relaunch Broadmead and counter the threat of an out-of-town retail park now repurposed as a series of permaculture spirals (Disclosure: I also have two of the paving bricks as seen in the top photo which sit on my desk and occasionally travel to conferences with me).

Understanding how material like in these examples moves around has the potential to make a difference to people’s daily lives. Away from the large-scale regeneration tropes of decline, gentrification, cultural aspiration, population movement and so on, they present a more subtle urban regeneration that works at the level of the individual and allows people the autonomy to ‘do’ urban regeneration themselves.

So, here, public archaeology has a purpose in both uncovering these material networks and disseminating knowledge of them and their role in the contemporary city so that people can make use of them in their own lives. Tomorrow, I’ll talk about my day with the Bristol Wood Recycling Project.

Recycling and re-use

In the remainder of this month I want to turn to a particular kind of recycling. What I’m interested in is the ways in which relatively mundane material moves around, what examining that movement tells you about people and how people can use that research themselves. It’s a kind of public archaeology that tries to find ways for people to appropriate archaeological methods or perspectives to aid their own interventions, whether in shaping cities by deciding where to live, opposing planning proposals or even voting in local and national elections.

What I’m planning over the next fortnight is to start, on Monday, by introducing these ideas and their public archaeology potential in a bit more detail, before moving on to talk about my recent work with the staff and customers of the Bristol Wood Recycling Project. After that, I’ll conclude the whole month with some thoughts on material networks and public archaeology and how the two coming together can change the world (maybe).

In the meantime, I wonder whether anyone out there has come across any existing links between archaeology and recycling/re-use or has worked with community groups like the Bristol Wood Recycling Project. Comment below and let me know!

Here are a few pics until Monday…

photo 1

 

photo 2


photo 3

Homes of eBay 6: Spindle Whorl

Ok, last one of the picture posts. Thanks to all of you who have been following this series and sharing the posts on Twitter and elsewhere.

The purpose of these six sets of images has been to start some wider debate on the potential for eBay to be be public archaeology by jumping over the hurdle of illicit antiquities and metal-detecting finds at the outset. While these are very real, important concerns with this particular forum and I will address them in a future post, for PA2015 I am more specifically concerned with the material networks operating around the site and the people who engage with it. So, I wanted to start at a very personal level, giving an anonymous tour of sellers’ houses. It’s also the reason I chose not to collect data on how much items sold for or even whether they sold or not. There are plenty of other people looking at this side of eBay. As this month goes on, and we move away from the networks of the controversial eBay to the networks of the far less controversial recycling, I hope the benefits of taking this start position will become clear. Before we move on though, here is the final part of the Homes of eBay mini-project. Let’s meet the spindle whorl sellers.

Spindle Whorl

My data collection returned 127 listings for Spindle Whorl. At the end of November 2014, there were 4583 spindle whorls recorded by the Portable Antiquities Scheme. So, eBay sells in one month material equivalent to 2.8% of the PAS and would take about 3 years to sell the same amount of material.

Ancient Lead Weight. Spindle Whorl

Ancient Lead Weight. Spindle Whorl

Ancient Roman Granite Stone Spindle whorl c.1st-2nd century AD

Ancient Roman Granite Stone Spindle whorl c.1st-2nd century AD

Ancient Roman Stone Spindle Whorl CIRCA 2ND CENTURY AD x 3

Ancient Roman Stone Spindle Whorl CIRCA 2ND CENTURY AD x 3

ANCIENT SYRIAN. ALABASTER SPINDLE WHORL - CIRCA 1000 B.C. x 2

ANCIENT SYRIAN. ALABASTER SPINDLE WHORL – CIRCA 1000 B.C. x 2

ANGLO SAXON DECORATED SPINDLE WHORL

ANGLO SAXON DECORATED SPINDLE WHORL

Authentic Ancient Artifact   Lead Spindle Whorl

Authentic Ancient Artifact Lead Spindle Whorl

Bronze Age  Hungarian  Terracotta Stone Spindle Whorl x 3 lots

Bronze Age Hungarian Terracotta Stone Spindle Whorl x 3 lots

DECORATED MEDIEVAL SPINDLE WHORL AND ROMAN COINS

DECORATED MEDIEVAL SPINDLE WHORL AND ROMAN COINS

Large decorated spindle whorl roman or saxom sic

Large decorated spindle whorl roman or saxom sic

Lead spindle whorl x 4

Lead spindle whorl x 4

LOT Roman PERIOD - LEAD SPINDLE WHORL 1-2nd Century AD x 2

LOT Roman PERIOD – LEAD SPINDLE WHORL 1-2nd Century AD x 2

Medieval Anglo Saxon DECORATED LEAD SPINDLE WHORL GROUP X 18 _ 3 lots

Medieval Anglo Saxon DECORATED LEAD SPINDLE WHORL GROUP X 18 _ 3 lots

medieval decorated spindle whorl plus two others metal detecting finds

medieval decorated spindle whorl plus two others metal detecting finds

Multi period 87 lots

Multi period 87 lots

ROMAN BRITAIN.  DECORATIVE SHALE SPINDLE WHORL.  NICE CONDITION.

ROMAN BRITAIN. DECORATIVE SHALE SPINDLE WHORL. NICE CONDITION.

RomanSaxon Decorated Spindle Whorl

RomanSaxon Decorated Spindle Whorl

SPINDLE WHORL or LEAD WEIGHT  MEDIEVAL NICE EXAMPLE METAL DETECTING FIND

SPINDLE WHORL or LEAD WEIGHT MEDIEVAL NICE EXAMPLE METAL DETECTING FIND

UNUSUAL ANGLO-SAXON LEAD SPINDLE WHORL c630 AD METAL DETECTING FINDS

UNUSUAL ANGLO-SAXON LEAD SPINDLE WHORL c630 AD METAL DETECTING FINDS

All map data ©Google

Homes of eBay 5: Roman Coin

I hope you’re still with me. This is the big one. In November 2014, eBay listed 289 Roman Coin sales. At the end of that month, there were 196893 listed on the PAS. EBay sells 0.15% of the PAS in a month and would take 54.5 years to sell an equivalent set of objects.

►UNCLEANED ANCIENT ROMAN COINS, GOOD QUALITY◄

►UNCLEANED ANCIENT ROMAN COINS, GOOD QUALITY◄

2 x Silver Roman Denarius uk Detector Finds

2 x Silver Roman Denarius uk Detector Finds

3x Large Roman coins (unresearched)

3x Large Roman coins (unresearched)

5X ROMAN BRONZE RADIATE COINS; WINCHESTER DETECTING FINDS

5X ROMAN BRONZE RADIATE COINS; WINCHESTER DETECTING FINDS

10 Ancient Roman coins + 4 oz. Mint State Restoration Coin Cleaner MSR 042

10 Ancient Roman coins + 4 oz. Mint State Restoration Coin Cleaner MSR 042

10 MIXED COINS INCLUDING TWO ROMAN COINS METAL DETECTING FINDS (263)

10 MIXED COINS INCLUDING TWO ROMAN COINS METAL DETECTING FINDS (263)

46 AS FOUND ROMAN COINS

46 AS FOUND ROMAN COINS

3714'Constantine The Great Roman copper silver-plated coin F

3714’Constantine The Great Roman copper silver-plated coin F

ANCIENT CELTIC BRONZE PROTO MONEY CURRENCY PRE COIN FORM RING

ANCIENT CELTIC BRONZE PROTO MONEY CURRENCY PRE COIN FORM RING

Ancient ROMAN ARTIFACTS coins brooch jewelry arrowhead ring old lot antique rare

Ancient ROMAN ARTIFACTS coins brooch jewelry arrowhead ring old lot antique rare

Ancient Roman Coin - Constantinople Commemorative - No Reserve

Ancient Roman Coin – Constantinople Commemorative – No Reserve

Authentic Ancient ROMAN COIN angel VALENS 364-378 AD wreath artifact old money

Authentic Ancient ROMAN COIN angel VALENS 364-378 AD wreath artifact old money

BULK-LOT OF 59 LATE ROMAN COINS 3RD - 4TH CENTURY AD UNCLEANED! 3 DAYS ONLY!

BULK-LOT OF 59 LATE ROMAN COINS 3RD – 4TH CENTURY AD UNCLEANED! 3 DAYS ONLY!

c85 AD British Found Emperor Domitian Roman Period Ar Silver Denarius Coin

c85 AD British Found Emperor Domitian Roman Period Ar Silver Denarius Coin

coins roman metal detecting finds

coins roman metal detecting finds

Collection of unresearched roman coins metal detecting find

Collection of unresearched roman coins metal detecting find

CONSTANTINE  THE  GREAT  ROMAN  BRONZE  COIN   COMMEMORATIVE  COINAGE

CONSTANTINE THE GREAT ROMAN BRONZE COIN COMMEMORATIVE COINAGE

Constantine 1st Commenorative Roman Coin

Constantine 1st Commenorative Roman Coin

DECORATED MEDIEVAL SPINDLE WHORL AND ROMAN COINS

DECORATED MEDIEVAL SPINDLE WHORL AND ROMAN COINS

Fibula Brooch Roman Great Art Colour Coins Roman Brooch

Fibula Brooch Roman Great Art Colour Coins Roman Brooch

Group of Metal Detecting Find Roman Medieval Tudor-Modern Buckle Badge Coins

Group of Metal Detecting Find Roman Medieval Tudor-Modern Buckle Badge Coins

Hammered silver coin roman medieval metal detecting finds

Hammered silver coin roman medieval metal detecting finds

Huge Lot Of 760 Roman Bronze Coins As Dug From Norfolk-Suffolk England 

Huge Lot Of 760 Roman Bronze Coins As Dug From Norfolk-Suffolk England

INTERESTING  METAL  DETECTOR  FOUND  COINS  AND  ARTIFACTS

INTERESTING METAL DETECTOR FOUND COINS AND ARTIFACTS

load of old coins inc silver 3 day sale D2

load of old coins inc silver 3 day sale D2

Lot  of Silver Coin - Metal Detecting  Finds

Lot of Silver Coin – Metal Detecting Finds

Lot of 8 coins time pirate (L4)

Lot of 8 coins time pirate (L4)

metal detecting finds 5 nice roman coins

metal detecting finds 5 nice roman coins

metal detecting finds 10xearly to late roman coins

metal detecting finds 10xearly to late roman coins

metal detecting finds A Group Of 20 Constantine Roman Coins

metal detecting finds A Group Of 20 Constantine Roman Coins

Metal Detecting Finds inc Roman Coins

Metal Detecting Finds inc Roman Coins

metal detecting finds roman coins grots

metal detecting finds roman coins grots

METAL DETECTING FINDS SILVER HAMMERED COIN LEAD SEAL ROMAN  MODERN ODD UNUSUAL

METAL DETECTING FINDS SILVER HAMMERED COIN LEAD SEAL ROMAN MODERN ODD UNUSUAL

Metal Detector Finds 37 Roman Coins

Metal Detector Finds 37 Roman Coins

mixed roman mediveal modern  metal items coins  40 items

mixed roman mediveal modern metal items coins 40 items

Rare silver Hadrian denarius coin 117-138 AD

Rare silver Hadrian denarius coin 117-138 AD

roman  silvers and bronze  coins metal detecting finds

roman silvers and bronze coins metal detecting finds

ROMAN AE3 BRONZE COIN OF VALENTINIAN 1 {364-375AD}

ROMAN AE3 BRONZE COIN OF VALENTINIAN 1 {364-375AD}

Roman Bronze Coin    Constantine I  AD 307 - 337  Altar

Roman Bronze Coin Constantine I AD 307 – 337 Altar

Roman Clay Oil Lamp & Coin

Roman Clay Oil Lamp & Coin

Roman Coin - Ae3   Size  -  18mm diameter  Brass Coloured (BAC1221)

Roman Coin – Ae3 Size – 18mm diameter Brass Coloured (BAC1221)

ROMAN COIN

ROMAN COIN

Roman coin metal detecting find

Roman coin metal detecting find

roman coin sestertius

roman coin sestertius

Roman Coin

Roman Coin

roman coins 3

roman coins 3

ROMAN COINS METAL DETECTING FIND

ROMAN COINS METAL DETECTING FIND

Roman coins

Roman coins

Roman Lead Coin-Detecting Find

Roman Lead Coin-Detecting Find

Roman medieval and later metal detecting finds inc coin of carausius

Roman medieval and later metal detecting finds inc coin of carausius

ROMAN UMBONATE BROOCH  PLUS SESTERTIUS COIN

ROMAN UMBONATE BROOCH PLUS SESTERTIUS COIN

SCARCE antoninian of AURELIANUS  CLEANED  VERY NICE COIN

SCARCE antoninian of AURELIANUS CLEANED VERY NICE COIN

silver roman coin

silver roman coin

Superb group metal detecting finds inc  Roman coins Medieval items

Superb group metal detecting finds inc Roman coins Medieval items

TOP-LOT 18 LATE ROMAN COINS HELENA GRATIANUS CONSTANS VALENS ETC 306-383AD

TOP-LOT 18 LATE ROMAN COINS HELENA GRATIANUS CONSTANS VALENS ETC 306-383AD

UNCLEANED  UNIDENTIFIED ROMAN COIN  DETECTOR FIND

UNCLEANED UNIDENTIFIED ROMAN COIN DETECTOR FIND

UNCLEANED ROMAN coin

UNCLEANED ROMAN coin

UNIDENTIFIED ROMAN COIN

UNIDENTIFIED ROMAN COIN

very rare MN ACILIUS GLABRIO AR DENARIUS silver roman coin

very rare MN ACILIUS GLABRIO AR DENARIUS silver roman coin

All map data ©Google

Homes of eBay 4: Clay Pipe

In November 2014 there were 35 Clay Pipe listings on eBay. At the end of the same period 634 had been recorded by the Portable Antiquities Scheme. EBay lists the equivalent of 5.5% of the PAS each month and would take 18 months to sell the same amount of artefacts.

+RARE! Pre-Columbian 300-900 AD VERACRUZ Clay Tobacco Smoking FACE Pipe

+RARE! Pre-Columbian 300-900 AD VERACRUZ Clay Tobacco Smoking FACE Pipe

3 vintage clay pipe bowls without stems

3 vintage clay pipe bowls without stems

14 Old clay pipes dug up or found on fields around North shields one 1690s full

14 Old clay pipes dug up or found on fields around North shields one 1690s full

17th CENTURY CLAY PIPE SECTION.       NICE CONDITION.

17th CENTURY CLAY PIPE SECTION. NICE CONDITION.

18TH CENTURY CLAY PIPES CIRCA 1730 - 1780 ,SOME WITH MAKERS MARKS

18TH CENTURY CLAY PIPES CIRCA 1730 – 1780 ,SOME WITH MAKERS MARKS

19 C SAILOR FIGUREHEAD CLAY SMOKING PIPE PAINTED GLAZED AFRICAN

19 C SAILOR FIGUREHEAD CLAY SMOKING PIPE PAINTED GLAZED AFRICAN

25 BRITISH TAVERN CLAY PIPES 1650-1880 ALL DIFFERENT DUMP DUG CONDITION

25 BRITISH TAVERN CLAY PIPES 1650-1880 ALL DIFFERENT DUMP DUG CONDITION

A COLLECTION OF 25 CLAY SMOKING PIPE BOWLS VARIOUS CIRCA 1700 TO 1900

A COLLECTION OF 25 CLAY SMOKING PIPE BOWLS VARIOUS CIRCA 1700 TO 1900

A vintage long South sea islands wood carved pipe, clay bowl

A vintage long South sea islands wood carved pipe, clay bowl

antique clay pipe display case

antique clay pipe display case

Antique Dutch Tabacco clay pipe 18th century with stem

Antique Dutch Tabacco clay pipe 18th century with stem

Antique UK Clay Pipe 30 Lot 1830 Bowl Dug Up Rare

Antique UK Clay Pipe 30 Lot 1830 Bowl Dug Up Rare

British Found - French Ornate Clay Pipe 18th century

British Found – French Ornate Clay Pipe 18th century

CLAY PIPE FRAGMENTS

CLAY PIPE FRAGMENTS

Clay Tobacco Pipes - 17th-19th century - Metal Detector Finds

Clay Tobacco Pipes – 17th-19th century – Metal Detector Finds

Colonial Fredricksburg 18th Century Relic Ceramic Clay Pipe Stem Artifact Lot 2

Colonial Fredricksburg 18th Century Relic Ceramic Clay Pipe Stem Artifact Lot 2

FRAMED GLAZED DEEP MUSEUM DISPLAY CASE EXAMPLES OF EARLY CLAY PIPES TOBACCIANA

FRAMED GLAZED DEEP MUSEUM DISPLAY CASE EXAMPLES OF EARLY CLAY PIPES TOBACCIANA

Nupe  Clay Pipe Nigeria Africa

Nupe Clay Pipe Nigeria Africa

old clay pictorial smoking pipes

old clay pictorial smoking pipes

Old Tobacco Clay Smoking Pipes & Original Crate

Old Tobacco Clay Smoking Pipes & Original Crate

victorian clay pipes in frame

victorian clay pipes in frame

Vintage Colonial Williamsburg Mounted Handmade ‘1800’s Tavern’ Style Clay Pipe

Vintage Colonial Williamsburg Mounted Handmade ‘1800’s Tavern’ Style Clay Pipe

All map data ©Google

 

 

 

Homes of eBay 3: Musket Ball

Data collection returned 61 listings for Musket Ball (many are multiple lots though). At the end of November 2014, the PAS contained 1808 examples. So, in a month, eBay lists material equivalent to 3.4% of the PAS and would take 2.5 years to sell the same amount.

8 BRITISH CIVIL WAR PERIOD LEAD MUSKET BALLS DETECTING DETECTOR FINDS

8 BRITISH CIVIL WAR PERIOD LEAD MUSKET BALLS DETECTING DETECTOR FINDS

13 OLD MUSKET BALLS

13 OLD MUSKET BALLS

22 MUSKETS BALLS FROM yorkshire 20mm DOWN TO 5mm METAL DETECTING FINDS

22 MUSKETS BALLS FROM yorkshire 20mm DOWN TO 5mm METAL DETECTING FINDS

25 CIVIL WAR MUSKET BALLS

25 CIVIL WAR MUSKET BALLS

50 MUSKETS BALLS - all from ESSEX  18 mm    6 mm approx. METAL DETECTING FINDS

50 MUSKETS BALLS – all from ESSEX 18 mm 6 mm approx. METAL DETECTING FINDS

1640s ~ excellent 10 x Charles I English Civil War musket balls (Arundel Castle)

1640s ~ excellent 10 x Charles I English Civil War musket balls (Arundel Castle)

1715 Fleet Shipwreck Musket Balls Split Shot Minnie Ball Found By Lou Ullian

1715 Fleet Shipwreck Musket Balls Split Shot Minnie Ball Found By Lou Ullian

1715 TREASURE FLEET'S CABIN WRECK MUSKET BALLS

1715 TREASURE FLEET’S CABIN WRECK MUSKET BALLS

ANTIQUE JAPANESE MUSKET BALLS OR GRAPE SHOT-16th-17th century

ANTIQUE JAPANESE MUSKET BALLS OR GRAPE SHOT-16th-17th century

Collectable dug old English Musket Balls Lead pistol Shot x 6 - 16mm Diameter

Collectable dug old English Musket Balls Lead pistol Shot x 6 – 16mm Diameter

DUG LARGE LOT OF MISC ANCIENT ROMAN LEAD ARTIFACTS & TOKENS MUSKET BALLS

DUG LARGE LOT OF MISC ANCIENT ROMAN LEAD ARTIFACTS & TOKENS MUSKET BALLS

English Civil War Lead Musket & Pistol Balls

English Civil War Lead Musket & Pistol Balls

English Civil War Lead Musket Ball - Oxfordshire Found

English Civil War Lead Musket Ball – Oxfordshire Found

Fantastic lot 10 lead Musket Balls Napoleonic Wars 1811

Fantastic lot 10 lead Musket Balls Napoleonic Wars 1811

Flintlock Double Musket Ball from 1758  HMS Invincible ShipWreck

Flintlock Double Musket Ball from 1758 HMS Invincible ShipWreck

Lead Musket ball  Gun Powder Measure Civil war battle metal detecting detector

Lead Musket ball Gun Powder Measure Civil war battle metal detecting detector

Lot of 15 musket balls from Amsterdam 18th century

Lot of 15 musket balls from Amsterdam 18th century

metal detecting find old musket balls and other iten mixed lot

metal detecting find old musket balls and other iten mixed lot

Metal detecting finds buttons buckles seals badges metal detector musket balls

Metal detecting finds buttons buckles seals badges metal detector musket balls

Metal detecting finds coins seals  metal detector musket balls

Metal detecting finds coins seals metal detector musket balls

metal detecting finds job lot large musket balls

metal detecting finds job lot large musket balls

Musket  Flintlock pistol balls

Musket Flintlock pistol balls

MUSKET BALLS & 19th CENTURY LEAD BULLETS

MUSKET BALLS & 19th CENTURY LEAD BULLETS

Musket Balls Bullets Detecting Finds From Kent

Musket Balls Bullets Detecting Finds From Kent

Musket balls metal detecting find

Musket balls metal detecting find

musket balls Metal Detecting Finds Norfolk

musket balls various lead shot x 55-uncleaned british metal detecting finds

musket balls various lead shot x 55-uncleaned british metal detecting finds

Musket balls

Musket balls

Spanish Musket Ball From The Atocha Treasure Galleon Mel Fisher Free Shipping

Spanish Musket Ball From The Atocha Treasure Galleon Mel Fisher Free Shipping

Two Musket balls metal detector finds

Two Musket balls metal detector finds

All map data ©Google